20 Russia-sanctions packages later, Europe’s problem is timing – not strength

AI Briefing

• – A study from Sciences Po Paris suggests that a strong Western response to Russia's aggression in 2021 could have averted the current crisis.
• – The study found that a credible threat of severe sanctions in 2021 would have given Ukraine more time to prepare and potentially deter Russian aggression.
• – However, the study also notes that the West's response was delayed, allowing Russia to consolidate its gains and making a strong response more difficult.